General nuclear practicum

Labor protection

Prior to the practicum, the safety video instruction must be reviewed and mastered.

Video

Before the 1st work, you will need to sign the TB sheet

Lab work № 1. Induced radioactivity

room 5-15

The work studies artificial radioactivity. Student selects one of the samples: aluminum, silver, rhodium or "cat in a bag".
The student draws up a work plan:
- number and times of irradiation
- decay observation time
- time step of decay observation
then irradiates sample with thermal neutrons.
The half-life of the resulting radioactive isotope is determined in two ways:
1) by measuring the intensity of the β^- - decay
2) plotting the dependence of the number of activated nuclei of the sample on the activation time.

task description

guidelines for the preparation of a laboratory report

Instruction on labor protection for lab N1 (translation)

Lab work № 2 - Radioactivity, alpha decay, interaction of alpha particles with matter

room 5-03

The purpose of the work is:
- to study alpha radioactivity,
- the mechanism of formation of alpha particles,
- their interaction with matter.
The alpha spectra of 3 different alpha sources (known and two unknown) recorded by the semiconductor detector are examined.
The 1024-channel amplitude-digital analyzer is calibrated by 4 alpha peaks of a known source and the energies of unknown sources are calculated, and then their isotopic composition is determined.
This work also determines the mileage of alpha particles in the air.

task description

Instruction on labor protection for lab N2 (translation)

interactive fragment of NZ-diagramm Study three radioactive rows, pressing on nucleus, whose halflife is compared with Earth's age, and then on daughter nucleus...down to stable one

Lab work № 4. Determination of the upper limit of the beta spectrum

room 5-15

The student studies absorption of a beta decay electrons in aluminum, using Geiger counter.
Then student determines the upper limit of the beta spectrum by two methods:
1) from the known dependence of the practical electron path on the maximum electron energy;
2) using nomograms (The method is old but useful. It uses Student's coefficients to process the experiment)

task description

nomograms   nomogram corrections (mc²)

nomogram corrections (3mc²)  nomogram corrections (10mc²)

Instruction on labor protection for lab N4 (translation)

Lab work № 5. Electromagnetic interactions. Determination of Gamma Energy by Scintillation Spectrometer

room 5-02

In this work, the gamma radiation energy of two unknown sources is determined using a scintillation gamma spectrometer. 5 gamma lines of two known sources allows to calibrate scintillation tract. The resolution of the equipment is calculated from the photopics in the measured spectra.

Gamma-ray multiplicity simulator (swf) may be it is working in 360 Extreme Explorer...

Spectral rhymes (consolation to those not admitted to the task)

Instruction on labor protection for lab N5 (translation)

Lab work № 6. Determination of the effective interaction cross-section of gamma quanta with substance by absorption method

room 5-02

The purpose of the task is to determine the isotopic composition of the radioactive source. Student uses two types of absobers (options are: aluminum, copper, lead, tungsten). Student measures the linear gamma ray absorption coefficient in two materials. Then calculates the interaction cross section of gamma-quanta and determines the energy of gamma-quanta from the known dependence of the cross section on energy. By the found energy of gamma radiation, student determines its isotope

Gamma-ray multiplicity simulator (swf) may be it is working in 360 Extreme Explorer...

Spectral rhymes (consolation to those not admitted to the task)

Instruction on labor protection for lab N6 (translation)

Lab work № 14. Statistics of Particle Detection

room 5-05Б

using a Geiger counter, a number of measurements are recorded for a fixed time:
1) of radiation background,
2) of low-active sample
Empirical functions of sample distributions of both exercises are plotted and homogeneity of two samples is checked using Kolmogorov's test.

task description

guidelines for the preparation of a laboratory report

Instruction on labor protection for lab N14 (translation)

Lab work № 15. Spontaneous fission of ²⁵²Cf

room 5-05

The purpose of the work is to study the energy spectrum of fragments formed during spontaneous fission of ²⁵²Cf and determination of the decay probability ratio to various channels.